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School districts are expected to perform at a particular level according to standards set at both the state and federal levels. When schools within that district fail to meet their expectations adequately over time, measures must be taken to ensure students get the quality of education they need to succeed. While most parents, educators, and lawmakers agree with this fundamental principle, the path to meeting those goals is often controversial. That is especially true when failing schools are met with a takeover by the state government – which is happening in many school districts today.

The Anatomy of a State Takeover

States do not take over schools overnight or because of one round of poor test scores. Many states have policies where schools cannot be touched until they have been on probation for an extended period, and their test scores have not improved significantly during that time. In most states explored in this article, school districts had as much as six years to turn around their academic achievement before the state government considered getting involved. However, even when schools have adequate time to reverse their poor performance levels, state takeovers of schools are not considered lightly, and many parents, students, educators, and lawmakers do not readily accept them.

When a state government does determine it is time to take control of a specific, low-performing school, that process can look different from state to state and even from school to school. The typical model is for the

Spanking is throughout the country. However, some school districts still allow – and practice – the act when administrators or teachers feel it is necessary to keep students in line and maintain control of the classroom. In most of those cases, students can be spanked without parental consent and under the strict guidelines of the school district. However, some parents do not feel the current policies are enough to protect their children. In some areas, spanking laws have come under fire once again, as schools are faced with the quandary of abiding by parents' wishes and keeping a disciplined classroom in order. We will look at some areas where this issue is revisited in public schools.

A Brief History of Spanking

Spanking, also known as corporal punishment, is defined on Wikipedia as

the deliberate infliction of pain as retribution for an offense, or for the purpose of disciplining or reforming a wrongdoer.

It is also used as a deterrent for unacceptable behaviors or attitudes. Spanking often involves the use of an implement, such as a belt or ruler, rather than hitting the offender with a hand.

In schools, the discipline is generally administered by a teacher or school administrator on the buttocks, using a paddle or open hand. Most schools do not require permission from the parent to perform a spanking, although some schools do send home a permission slip to parents before spanking a child who has been

Many high schools have traditionally included rituals like a benediction or invocation at their graduation ceremonies. While these terms might refer to a variety of things, many believe the words themselves invoke a religious ritual – one that is not allowed to be introduced or endorsed by public schools. The question of prayer during a graduation ceremony has also been a point of controversy for many years at high schools across the country. This year has been no exception, with a Texas public high school graduation coming to the forefront in the latest battle. We will take a look at the issue of prayer during graduation ceremonies, including why some believe that the practice is in direct violation of the constitutional separation of church and state.

What Happened in Texas?

Medina Valley High School in Castroville, Texas, has had a long tradition of including an invocation at the beginning of their graduation ceremonies and a benediction at the end. This year, a student at the school, along with his parents, took issue with the use of terms in the graduation ceremony that some could construe as religious. The family took their case to a district judge, who ruled that Medina was violating the constitution in using such terminology and ordered them to remove the invocation and benediction from the graduation program.

Ayesha Khan, the lawyer for the family, told , "We think that the district has been flouting the law for decades. We're glad

Many educators and parents are fed up with the current state of public education and have decided to take matters into their own hands. To make their voices heard in state legislatures and Washington, they have invited all disgruntled with the school system to meet together this summer in Washington, D.C. The Save Our Schools March has been gaining steam since its inception a year ago, and now many local marches are planned across the country. We'll look at the purpose of the Save Our Schools March and why so many nationwide have become frustrated enough with public education to take a public stand.

What is the Save Our Schools March?

This movement has cumulated into the Save Our Schools March and National Call to Action, which began approximately one year ago. Many parents, students, educators, and community members have become increasingly frustrated with the No Child Left Behind Act, which went into effect ten years ago, and the more recent Race to the Top initiative by the Obama Administration. According to the organization's website, this group has seen the educational system transform into one that is primarily governed by test scores rather than real instruction.

Many in this movement have taken their concerns to state politicians, and some have even gone to Capitol Hill with their issues. However, they do not feel that anyone in a position to make the necessary changes has listened to their pleas. That is when the Save Our Schools March and

Standardized tests have come under fire once again in Washington D.C., as the results in three schools have now been thrown out due to testing procedure violations and allegations of impropriety. The city has also implemented tighter security guidelines and is monitoring more schools for testing irregularities each year, according to a report at . The results of this investigation have resulted in specific measures being taken to ensure the integrity of the testing process in the future. However, questions still remain about how Washington D.C. schools ended up in this position in the first place and whether high-stakes testing is to blame for the problems.

This video reports on the C.D. schools' standardized test scandal.

A History of Washington D.C. Test Issues

Michelle Rhee, the former chancellor of Washington D.C. schools, sang the praises of many of the schools that raised their standardized test scores by astronomical numbers under her watch. Rhee used the test results as evidence that her sometimes unpopular methods of education reform were working. One school, in particular, Noyes Education Campus, showed two-year gains that were nearly unheard of in the public education system. However, the school also displayed an unusually high number of erasures on their tests, which raised the eyebrows of some education officials and the media.

USA Today was all over the concerns and looked at other schools within the city to